Florante at Laura. Francisco Balagtas. BiblioBazaar, Jan 25, 2007 - Fiction - 112 pages. This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curated for. Florante at Laura Scene 1 (ang kabataan ni Florante) NARATOR: si florante ay bugtong na anak nina Prinsesa Floresca at Duke Briseo. Ang butihing prinsesa ay anak ng hari ng krotona at ang mabait na duke ay siyang salamin sa karunungan sa buong albanya.
Florante at Laura
Title page of a 1913 book featuring Florante at Laura
Author
Francisco Balagtas
Country
Captaincy General of the Philippines
Language
Tagalog
Genre
Fiction, epic poetry
Published
1869[1]
ISBN
978-1784350925
History of the Philippines
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Events/Artifacts
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Florante at Laura ('Florante and Laura') (full title: Pinagdaanang Buhay nina Florante at Laura sa Kahariang Albanya: Kinuha sa madlang 'cuadro histórico' o pinturang nagsasabi sa mga nangyari nang unang panahon sa Imperyo ng Gresya at tinula ng isang matuwain sa bersong Tagalog; English: The History of Florante and Laura in the Kingdom of Albania: Adapted from some 'historical pictures' or paintings that tell of what happened in early times in the Greek Empire, and were set to rhyme by one delighting in Tagalog verse), written by Francisco Balagtas, is considered one of the masterpieces of Philippine literature. Balagtas wrote the epic during his imprisonment.[2] He dedicated it to his sweetheart María Asuncion Rivera, whom he nicknamed 'M.A.R.' and is referenced to as 'Selya' in the dedication 'Kay Selya' ('For Celia').
This is obligatory to read for Grade 8 students in the Philippines. Download iso for mac os x.
Form[edit]
Florante at Laura is written as an awit; the word in modern Filipino means 'song', but at that time referred to a standard poetic format with the following characteristics:
four lines per stanza;
twelve syllables per line;
an assonantal rhyme scheme of AAAA (in the Filipino manner of rhyming described by José Rizal in Tagalische Verskunst);
a caesura or pause after the sixth syllable;
each stanza is usually a complete, grammatically correct sentence;
each stanza has figures of speech (according to Fernando Monleón, Balagtas used 28 types in 395 instances throughout the poem.)
Synopsis[edit]
The story is about the love and determination of the Duke Florante and the Princess Laura of Albania while being pursued by the usurper Count Adolfo.
Plot[edit]
In the Albanian forest[edit]
The story begins deep within a dark, gloomy forest. Francisco Balagtas wrote the poem 'Gubat na Mapanglaw' to describe the melancholic forest. Florante, a duke of the Kingdom of Albania, is tied to a tree, lamenting the death of his father, Duke Briseo. He is driven mad by the thought that his beloved, Princess Laura, has fallen into the arms of his enemy, Count Adolfo, son of Count Sileno. Nearby, two starving lions keep watch and try to attack Florante. He is saved, just in time, by Aladin, a Persian prince who happens to be at the forest at the same time. Weak and bewildered, Florante faints.
The merciful soldier nurses Florante to health. Upon recovery, Florante is initially taken back by Aladin who he considers as an enemy due to his Islamic faith. After a few explanations are made, Florante is grateful and begins to tell his story.
Florante's tale[edit]
The son of a princess and a royal adviser, Florante grew up in happiness, showered with love. He liked to play games when he was six years old, and was almost captured by a vulture that entered in their mountain cottage, which was also followed by the attack of a falcon. He was saved by his cousin Menalipo, an archer from Epirus.
When he turned eleven, his parents, Duke Briseo and Princess Floresca, sent him to Athens, Greece to study under Antenor, a renowned teacher. There, he met Adolfo, a fellow countryman, the brightest student in their school. After six years of study, Florante surpassed Adolfo's capabilities, talents, and intelligence, gaining popularity.
While acting during a school play, Adolfo attempted to kill Florante because of his jealousy towards Florante's popularity. Florante's friend, Menandro, was quick enough to intervene. Adolfo headed home to Albania after his failed attempt. One year later, Florante received a letter from his father, announcing the death of his mother.
Though filled with grief, Florante waited two years before he returned home. Menandro, unwilling to be separated from him, accompanied him on his journey. Upon his arrival to Albania, an emissary of the kingdom of Crotona requested his assistance in the incoming war against the Persians. Florante had not the will to refuse, for the King of Crotona was his grandfather. During his stay in Albania, Florante was invited to the royal palace and was glamoured of Laura, the daughter of King Linceo.
Coming to the aid of Crotona, Florante fought with the Persian general Osmalik for five hours, finally slaying him in the end. He stayed in Crotona for five months before returning to Albania to see Laura. He was surprised by the sight of a Persian flag waving atop the kingdom. He recaptured the palace and saved his father, the King, and Count Adolfo. He also saved Laura from being beheaded from the hands of the Emir and was declared 'Defender of Albania' for his bravery, deepening Adolfo's envy and hatred.
Florante protected the kingdom once more from the Turkish forces under General Miramolin, an acclaimed conqueror. This took place in Aetolia, where he later received a letter from his father summoning him back to Albania. He left his troops in the care of his friend, Menandro, and upon returning, he was ambushed by 30,000 soldiers under Adolfo's orders and was imprisoned for 18 days. There, he learned of the tragic fate of his father and the king who were beheaded under Adolfo. Florante was then exiled into the forest and tied to the tree.
Aladin's tale[edit]
After Florante finishes his story, it was Aladin's turn to recount his life. He first introduces himself as Prince Aladin of the Persian kingdom, son of Sultan Ali-Adab.
While walking through the forest, Aladin tells about his fiancée, Flerida. Unbeknownst to him at that time, his father also desired Flerida. After returning home from a battle (revealed to be the battle of Florante and General Osmalik), Ali-Adab imprisoned the Prince, using his abandonment of his troops as the reason, and the eventual loss made the latter order a decapacitation of Aladin.
In a turn of events, Aladin was released by a general on orders from his father, with the constraint that he may never enter the kingdom again. Heartbroken, he unknowingly walks to the forest where Florante was tied up.
Reunion and peace[edit]
Aladin's speech is interrupted when they hear voices. A woman narrates her escape from a kingdom and a marriage. She speaks of her search for her beloved, a search which lasted six years. She shares that while deep in the forest, she heard cries for help, and upon finding a lady about to be raped, she uses her bow and arrow to kill the assailant. The woman introduces herself as Flerida.
The lady saved by Flerida is revealed to be Laura, who begins to tell her story. While her love was away at war, Count Adolfo used deceit to gain popularity and turned the people of Albania against their king. Count Adolfo then rose to the throne, forcing Laura to be his queen. An army under Menandro, Florante's childhood friend, was able to overthrow Adolfo from power. Seeing all was lost, Adolfo fled into the woods with Laura as his hostage.
After hearing all this, Florante and Aladin reunite with their loved ones. Florante and Laura return to Albania to rule as king and queen. Aladin and Flerida returned to Persia, where Aladin became the new sultan as his father died of depression because Flerida had left him. Aladin and Flerida are then baptized into the Catholic faith, and the two kingdoms lived in harmony and peace.
Legacy[edit]
Modern theatre[edit]
Being a grand literary classic in the Philippines, adapting this epic for modern theatre will require skill and mastery. The said play is a staple among high school students as a classroom requirement. The Gantimpala Theater Foundation has already mastered the art of portraying the said epic. The modern group is influenced by the modern pop culture.[3]myriad pro for mac download
References[edit]
^1100262L (March 2013). 'Florante and Laura'. StudyMode. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
^'Philippine Heroes – Francisco Baltazar Balagtas y Dela Cruz (1788–1862)'. Etravel Pilipinas. Archived from the original on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
^Tan, Frida (18 August 2015). 'REVIEW: 'Florante at Laura'. The Legacy started on 1835 when the book was published. Francisco Balagtas, the author of this book/song, was sent to jail. Inspired by the moments in prison, he made a book which was sent outside the prison to be read'. Theater Fans Manila.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Florante_at_Laura&oldid=992008657'
TheFlorante at Laura is a shorter version of its original title, written inancient Tagalog:Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at ni Laura sa Cahariang Albania. Quinuhasa madlang 'cuadro histórico' o pinturang nag sasabi sa mganangyayari nang unang panahón sa Imperio nang Grecia, at tinula nang isangmatouain sa versong tagálog. (The Life of Florante and Laura in the Kingdom of Albania: Culled from apublicly-displayed 'cuadro histórico' or historical painting whichdescribes the events which were occurring during ancient times in the empire ofGreece, and penned by someone who enjoys Tagalog verse)
The story begins with a description of adark, dangerous, deserted forest in the kingdom of Albania, that is inhabitedby serpents, basilisks, hyenas, and tigers. Deep in the heart of thedepressing jungle where the tangled growth of vines and thickets intertwined,and the great canopy of heavy foliaged trees formed a roof over the dismaljungle clearing, the moans and anguished cries of a forsaken man filled thesavage stillness of the air. The man is tied to a tree and is barelyalive. He is Florante, the son of Duke Briseo and Princess Floresca. He has blonde hair, fairsmooth skin, and a face andbody that is comparable to that of Narcissus and Adonis.
Florante,while tied to a tree, questions the heavens for the suffering of the people ofAlbania. Here he describes the treachery and suffering that are happeninginside and outside of the kingdom of Albania. Gone are the days of peaceand and justice. Innocent people have become victims of those who arehungry for power and money. Those who fought to save the kingdom have sufferedgrievously. He mentions that Count Adolfo was said to be behind thetreachery with his plot to steal the crown from King Linceo and the wealth ofDuke Briseo. Florante begs heaven to save the kingdom of Albania.
Theman tells the heavens that he can take whatever trial or challenge that maycome his way as long as Laura will always remember him. Aside from allthat is happening to Albania, he takes refuge in the memories of the times heshared with Laura. He mentions that he would be pleased to see Lauracrying over his dead body if Laura would betray him. With this, heimagines Laura in the arms of Count Adolfo. This thought brings him to tearsand devastation which made him tired and cause him to pass out.
Theman cries for Laura to save him, but she does not come. With this, theman thinks that Count Adolfo has finally stolen Laura from him. He mentionsthat he will thank Count Adolfo for all the hardship as long as he doesn't takeLaura from him. With too much to bear, the man cries in despair andfaintes.
Florante At Laura Tagalog Version
Inanother part of the forest comes Aladin, a Muslim soldier. He sits on astump and professes his love for a woman named Flerida. He talks abouthis overwhelming love for Flerida and vows to kill for the sake of love. He says that no one can stand in his way nor is there anyone who can takehis love from him, not even his father. He also says that love can make aperson blind to the truth and make him forget about reason and honor.
After professing his love for Flerida, theMuslim soldier hears a voice in the forest. This voice talks about thebrutal death of his loving father. The man talks about how his father wasbeheaded and had his body thrown somewhere else. No one attempted to buryhis father's remains for fear of Count Adolfo's wrath. Even withoutseeing his father, the man knew that the old man was thinking of him untilthe end of his life.
Whiletied to a tree, Florante was approached by two lingering lions. But thelions did not seem to attack, thinking that the man might already be dead. Realizing the approach of death, the man says his farewell to Albania,the land he wished to serve since he was a child, and to Laura, whom he willforever love.
Uponhearing the man's cries, Aladin set off to find the man. His timing wasimpeccable because the lions were about to attack Florante. With a swiftmotion of his weapon, the Muslim soldier killed the two lions. With hiscourage and precision in combat, he was compared to Ares, the god of war.
After rescuing Florante, Aladin frees him andlays him down. Florante wakes up delirious looking for Laura. TheMuslim soldier does not respond and Florante goes back to sleep. When hefinally wakes up, Florante is surprised to see an enemy taking care of him. Aladin told him that he wishes the man no harm and that the command ofheaven to help is what's important. The man said that he did not want thesoldier's pity, what he needs is death. Aladin yelled at him forspeaking such nonsense.
Due to all that they havebeen through recently, Aladin and Florante decide to become silent. Whennightfall comes, Aladin carried Florante and rests on a flat rock. TheMuslim soldier feeds Florante and has him sleep on his lap. He watches overFlorante because he is still delirious and he is devastated every time thelatter wakes up. In the morning, Florante thanks Aladin for what he hasdone for him. The soldier asked Florante why he was so devastated, andthe latter willingly narrated his story.
The man tells the Muslim soldier that hisname is Florante. Florante tells him that he came from Albania and thathe is the son of Duke Briseus, second in command of the kingdom, and PrincessFloresca of Croton. He proudly talks about his father saying what a braveand kind man he was. He also emphasizes that there is no one who canoutdo his father in loving a child and in teaching him good manners. Florante also spoke of two accounts when he almost died as a child. One was when he was almost caught by a vulture but was rescued by hiscousin Menalipo. The other was when someone attempted to take the diamondthat was on his chest.
Florante spoke about his happy childhood. When he was a child, he loved playing outdoors and hunting. He realizedthat a child must not be raised with too much freedom and security because lifeis tougher when one grows older. He also says that a child will havedifficulty in facing challenges if he is too pampered and safe as a child. Duke Briseus taught him how to stand alone by sending him to Athens tostudy under Antenor.
Florante At Laura Tagalog Version Filipino
Florante studies in Athensunder Antenor. He becomes homesick and longs to be with his parentsagain but he is comforted by Antenor. Adolfo, a boy from Albania and theson of Duke Sileno, becomes his classmate. Adolfo is two years older thanhim and is admired by everyone in school for his wisdom andkindness. Due to his intelligence, Florante was able to learn the lessonsabout philosophy, astrology and mathematics in no time at all which astonishedhis teachers. He even surpassed Adolfo in all aspect and became known allacross Athens. Everyone distrusted the kindness that Adolfo is showing. In a sporting competition, Adolfo's true color began to show whicharoused the people's suspicions.
During a play performed by the students,Adolfo attempted to kill Florante but did not succeed due to his classmateMenandro's interference. After two months, Florante received a letterfrom his father bringing bad news and summoning him to come home. It wasdifficult for Florante to say his goodbyes to his classmates and his mentor,Antenor. Before leaving, Antenor advised Florante not to be too trustingbecause there are enemies all around us. Florante went home with hisfriend, Menandro. Upon arriving at Albania, Florante cried when he saw hisfather. After he calmed down, Duke Briseus told Florante about the deathof Princess Floresca.
The emissary of Croton came to Albania with a letterasking for help in saving Croton from the Persian invaders headed byGeneralOsmalic. Florante pauses to praise Aladin, saying that thegeneralisonly second to Aladin in combat skill. With this, Aladin smiles and saysthat rumors are not necessarily true. Returning to his story, Florante saidthat he and his father went to King Linceus to discuss how they could helpCroton. King Linceus appointed Florante to lead the army that will helpsave Croton.
During their visit to King Linceus, Florantesaw Laura, the daughter of the king. He was mermerized by Laura's beauty. He became speechless and stuttered a lot in the presence of Laura. After talking about Laura, Florante's mind drifts toward horrible thoughtsabout Laura's unfaithfulness.
Before setting off to war,King Linceus threw a feast for Florante. The celebration lasted for threedays and within this period, he did not get to see Laura. The day beforehe set of to war, Florante saw Laura and he professed his love. Laura didnot give him a straight answer,instead she cried and Florante took this as a sign of Laura's reciprocation of his feelings.
General Osmalicand Florante finally meet and they battled for five hours until Florante wasable to defeat the general.
Florante was able to save Croton from thehands of the enemy with the help of Menandro and his troupes. The peoplerejoiced their victory especially when they learned that Florante is the king'sgrandson. But Florante and the king did not rejoice with them for theyremembered Princess Floresca and mourned for her death. Five months hadpassed when Florante decided to return to Albania to be with Laura again. On his journey back, Florante became weary when he saw the Muslim flagswaying in Albania.
Summary Of Florante At Laura Tagalog Version
Florante hid on theoutskirts at the foot of the mountain to observe what is happening. Hesaw a woman tied and blindfolded who is about to be beheaded. Heremembered Laura and hastily went to rescue the woman. He fought theMuslims and rescued the woman who happened to be Laura herself. Laura toldFlorante about that Albania had been conquered. They went back andredeemed the country from the invaders. Florante freed the captivesincluding King Linceus, Duke Briseus, and Count Adolfo. The king honoredFlorante for his bravery and Florante won Laura's affection. With thevictory of Florante, Adolfo's hatred and envy deepened and he planned to take revenge againstFlorante.
A few months have passedsince Albania was last invaded when the Persian army, headed by Miramolindisturbed its peace. But the Turkish invaders did not succeed becauseFlorante had defeated him. After this, Florante successfully won manybattles which earned him the respect of thirteen kings. One day, whileFlorante was in the middle of a war, he received a letter ordering him toreturn immediately to Albania. He left the war under the command ofMenandro and set off to return to Albania. Upon arriving, he wassurprised to be welcomed by 30,000 soldiers who abducted him. Here helearned that Adolfo had ordered for his father, Duke Briseus, and King Linceusto be beheaded. He also learned that Laura was engaged to Count Adolfo. Florante was imprisoned for 18 days then was transferred to the forestwhere he was tied to an Acacia tree. He had been in the forest fortwo days when the Muslim soldier found and rescued him.
After Florante narrated his story, the Muslimsoldier introduces himself as Aladdin, son of Sultan Ali-Adab of Persia. Aladdin tells Florante that he will tell his own story in due timebecause he needs some time to collect himself.
After wandering around the forest for fivemonths, Aladin begins to narrate his story. He says that his father isthe root of all his suffering. His father became his rival for his love,Flerida. In order to succeed, Sultan Ali-Adab plotted a scheme to beheadAladin by framing him as the cause of the downfall of the Persian invaders thatresulted to Florante's victory in Albania. On the night before Aladin'sexecution, Sultan Ali-Adab forgave Aladin on the condition that he would fleePersia and never return. Aladin agreed but could not accept the idea ofFlerida in the arms of another man. Since then, Aladin has been awanderer of the forest for six years. He suddenly stops his story whenthey heard voices in the forest.
The two men heard voices. One of thewomen narrated the story she heard about the danger that her lover was in. She begged the Sultan not to push through with his beheading in exchangefor her agreement to marry him. The Sultan agreed and her lover was setfree, leaving without saying goodbye. One night, while everyone was busywith the wedding preparations, the woman who happens to be Flerida, disguisedherself as a soldier and escaped. She wandered the forest hoping to findher love. Here in the forest is where the two women met when Flerida savedLaura who was about to be assaulted by a man. They stop talking when theyhear footsteps approaching and were surprised to see Florante and Aladdin.
Laura narrates her story. It began whenFlorante left to battle the Persian invaders. Adolfo ordered that theking and his loyal servants be beheaded. Adolfo took over the throne andforced Laura to marry him. It took five months for him to court Laura butshe did not waver in her decision not to marry him. After Florante was sent todie in the forest, Menandro and his men returned to Albania and overthrewAdolfo from the throne. Adolfo would not accept defeat; instead he tookLaura and his men to the forest. Here Adolfo saw no escape and decided torape Laura right there. Upon hearing a woman's cry for help, Flerida cameto the rescue and killed Adolfo with an arrow.
Their conversation is interrupted by thearrival of Menandro and his troupe. Upon seeing Florante, he rejoices tosee his friend. The two couples return to Albania where theyare warmly welcomed. Flerida and Aladdin agree to be baptized asChristians. Both couples are wed and Florante and Laura rule over Albaniawith justice, peace, and harmony. When Sultan Ali-Adab dies, Aladdin andFlerida return to Persia and they rule over the people happily.
