Mercedes W123 Owners Workshop Manual Free Download
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Mercedes-Benz SL
Mercedes-Benz SL – a series of light sports cars luxury-class German automotive brand Mercedes-Benz, produced since 1954. The idea of creation belongs to Max Hoffman, an importer of luxury European cars in the USA in the 1950s, who evaluated the model’s sales opportunities, taking into account the availability of wealthy Gran Turismo car enthusiasts in the rapidly developing post-war American market, which is still the main market for SL- class.
The designation “SL” was first applied to the model Mercedes-Benz 300 SL, which is often referred to as “Gullwing” because of its doors, similar to the gull wings.
Currently, the SL-class includes six generations of cars in numerous engine configurations, including high-performance modifications from the Mercedes-AMG division.
The first SL – W198 and R121 (1954-1963)
W198
Not yet in time to restore its infrastructure destroyed in World War II, the concern Mercedes-Benz began to actively participate in racing competitions, such as the 24 hours of Le Mans, Mille Miglia and others. The success story of the SL-class begins with the racing model 300SL (W194) and a brilliant victory at the prestigious international races in 1952, which served as a reason for creating models 300SL Gullwing (W198 I, on sale since 1954) and 190SL (W121, since 1955 .). With the advent of the more powerful Mercedes-Benz W196 in 1954, the W194 would have been put on the spot, if not for one event. In 1953, the official importer of Mercedes-Benz cars in the US Maximilian E. Hoffman (English Maximilian E. Hoffman) asked to create a road version of the racing car W194 and a year later the car was ready. The car received the designation Mercedes-Benz 300 SL and became a sensation and symbol of the 1950s. Neither the lightweight sports body nor the powerful three-liter engine had such a strong effect as the unique gull-wing doors. In 1958, the coupe was redesigned into an open roadster, which proved to be no less popular.
Production of the car was completed in 1963. In total, 1,400 cars with a coupe and 1858 roadsters were produced.
R121
In 1954, the company Mercedes-Benz at the international auto show in New York, introduced a new car Mercedes-Benz 190 SL. This model represented an attractive, more affordable alternative to the Mercedes-Benz 300 SL, sharing its basic ideas and technological features. The new car was designed based on the R121 platform (modification of the W121 sedan). The car’s power was 77 kW (105 hp at 5700 rpm and 142 Nm at 3200 rpm) Mr biggs trial time download.
Mercedes Benz 190 SL W 121 BII Baujahr 1958
The car was available in two versions: a cabriolet with a soft top (originally at a price of 16,500 DM / $ 3,998) or a removable hardtop with (DM 17,650 / $ 4,295).
Between 1955 and 1963, 25,881 such cars were produced. In 1963, both the 190SL and 300SL were replaced by the Mercedes-Benz 230SL (W113).
W113 (1963-1971)
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In the summer of 1963, as a replacement for the W198 and R121, a Mercedes-Benz 230SL appeared, which was nicknamed “Pagoda” because of the shape of its roof resembling a Chinese pagoda. The body of the car was a double coupe-cabriolet either with tarpaulin, or with a removable metal roof. A luxury two-seater could boast of high performance and optimum safety. Almost 70% of all copies produced were exported and best sold in the USA (40% of the total production). In December 1966 the model 250SL appeared, and a year later the more powerful 280SL. Externally, all three models of the series were the same, but differed in the engines of different working volumes. In 1971 they were replaced by the models 350SL and 450SL of the new series.
In total, up to March 1971, 48,912 cars were produced.
R107 (1972-1989)
In 1971, the elegant “Pagoda” was replaced by a larger and “muscular” model R107. Under the hood of cars were V8 engines 3.5 and 4.5 liters for models 350SL and 450SL respectively. Such powerful cars enjoyed tremendous success in the USA – 62% of all cars in this series. The body of the R107 was so strong that on its base in 1971 was created a comfortable four-seater coupe Mercedes-Benz SLC (C107, 350 SLC). In April 1973, both the roadster and coupe were launched on the market with a 4.5-liter V8 engine that generated 165 kW (225 hp).
1986-1989 Mercedes-Benz 560 SL
The oil crisis of 1973 caused, a year later, the appearance of a more economical six-cylinder model 280SL. In 1980, the 350SL and 450SL were replaced with the 380SL and 500SL, and during the last 1985 updates, the 280SL and 380SL models were replaced by 300SL and 420SL; appeared model 560SL (5.6 l., 170 kW / 230 hp), intended only for export to the US, Japan and Australia.
The production of R107 was completed in August 1989. On the success of the car can be said that, like the SUV Gelendevagen, he kept a record for the duration of production. For 18 years, 237 287 cars were produced (among them 62 888 in the coupe version, 1971-1981).
R129 (1989-2001)
Despite the success of the model R107, by the end of the 1980s almost twenty-year-old car morally out of date. It was not easy to find a good replacement solution, but as a result, the aerodynamic scheme of the arrow-shaped form on the basis of the four-seat Mercedes-Benz W124 cabriolet was chosen. The Mercedes-Benz R129, presented at the Geneva Motor Show in early 1989, had many innovations such as an independent suspension and an automatically rising safety arc behind the seats (for the first time in the world, an open machine guaranteed safety to passengers during a coup). For the first time the company Mercedes-Benz produced exclusive publications for specific markets, and not just the adaptation of cars to meet the legal requirements and aesthetic preferences of the countries of export. The lineup began with two six-cylinder 300SL (140 kW / 190 hp) and 300SL-24, and an eight-cylinder 500SL (240 kW / 326 hp) [14]. In 1992, it was enlarged with the flagship series 600SL with a V12 engine (290 kW / 394 hp, 6.1 seconds to 100 km / h, top speed 250 km / h).
In 1993, Mercedes-Benz adopted a new classification system for cars, in which the alphabetic index is placed ahead of the digital one. A “new” SL-Class is being formed, the 500SL and 600SL models are becoming SL500 and SL600, respectively, and the 300’s were replaced by the SL280 and SL320 models. At the same time, another important event happened: tuning studio AMG became the official partner of Mercedes-Benz and released its model SL60 AMG. In 1995, cars received facelifts, including engine upgrades and the installation of a 5-speed automatic transmission. In the saloon R129 appeared side airbags, climate control and electronic stability control.
Last updates were made in 1998. Series engines on the SL280 and SL320 have been replaced by V6. In the late 1990s, AMG introduced two rarest models (with no more than 200 units built) with V12 engines – SL70 AMG (1997) and SL73 AMG (1998). And in 1999 the company itself was bought by Daimler AG and SL55 AMG appeared instead of SL60.
In total for the period from 1989 to 2001, 204,940 cars of the R129 series were built.
R230 (2001-2008)
In July 2001, to replace the model R129 came a new car R230, work on which began in 1996. The production began on October 13, 2001 with plans for the release to the European market already in November of the same year. The machine had such innovations as active suspension (Active Body Control) and self-extracting roof. The lineup was opened by cars SL500, SL600 and SL55 AMG. The latter proved to be the most successful and popular for the subsidiary manufacturer of Mercedes-Benz. In 2003, a younger version of SL350 with a V6 engine appeared, and in 2004 – SL65 AMG with V12.
The first update occurred in 2006 [and externally it was purely cosmetic, but under the hood there were new engines for the SL350 and SL500 (which in the US became known as the SL550). The next upgrade followed in 2008, during which the car received a completely new design in front and updated electronics. The lineup has been replenished with the younger model SL280, other models: SL350, SL500 (SL550 in the USA), SL600 and SL 65 AMG remained the same, but the popular SL55 AMG was replaced by SL63 AMG, which did not enjoy the same success. In addition, in 2008, based on the R230 was released safety cars of Formula 1, and also appeared coupe SL65 AMG Black Series, which has the characteristics of a supercar.
The car surpassed all of the company’s most optimistic forecasts. By October 2011, about 170,000 Mercedes-Benz R230 cars were sold (78% are exports, of which 45% are for the US).
R231 (2012-)
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Cars of the sixth generation of the SL-class began to be produced in 2012. The new Mercedes-Benz R231 is lighter than its predecessor, since many parts are made entirely of aluminum. The first in a series of steel SL500 with turbocharged engine V8 (320 kW / 435 hp) and SL350 with atmospheric motor V6 (225 kW / 306 hp). In February SL63 AMG was announced, and in March at the Geneva Motor Show it was shown simultaneously with the European premiere of SL500 and SL350. At the end of the month, the SL 65 AMG was introduced, and from the 31st onwards all family cars officially appeared on sale.
The starting price (including 19% VAT) on the SL350 in 2012 was € 93,534, on the SL500 – € 117,096.